Apparatus for transforming liquids into alpha mist



E. GARDA APPARATUS FOR TRANSFORMING LIQUIDS,INTO A MIST Fig.2.

Filed Feb. 24, 1925 r l/Z lNl/EN roe ENBIC'O GARDA W/TNESSES QTTOE/VEYSPatented Dec. 9, 1924.

UNITED STATES ENRICO GARDA, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR TRANSFORMING LIQUTDS INTO A. MIST.

Application filed February 24, 1923. Serial No. 621,104.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ENnIoo GARDA, of 68 Rue Reaumur, Paris. France, haveinvented Apparatus for Transforming Liquids into a Mist, of which thefollowing is a full,"clear, and exact description. 0

The present invention has for its object anapparatus for transforminginto a mlst, by means of a compressed fluid, llqulds of any compositionand density. TlllS apparatus is essentially characterized by the factthat the fluid under pressure, compressed air for instance, adapted todrive the liquid to be pulverized through the apparatus, escapes fromthe latter through nozzles of any suitable shape and cross section forensuring its distribution and its exit about the apparatus. This resultis atta ned by imparting to the said fluid, successlve impulsesproducing at the outlet of these nozzles, a vibratory and whirlingfield, composed of the liquid divided in multiple jets. As this liquidis thus driven outside the apparatus, it is violently projected, brokenand transformed into a mist the particles of which, owin to the frictionto which they are subjected, acquire an electric charge of the samesign, repel each other and create an 1mpalpable and dry mist which,accordlng to the liquids employed, is applicable to medicine, hygiene orindustry.

The apparatus forming the subject-matter of the present invention isessentially constituted by the combination:

(a) Of a central core so shaped as to present, midway of its height, acylmdrlcal swelling above and below which respectively open aperturescommunicating the upper ones, with a compressed fluid inlet conduit, thelower ones with an inlet conduit for the liquid to be pulverized;

(6) Of a tubular body connected to the compressed fluid inlet conduitand enclos ng the upper part of the central core on WlllCll it issecured. this tubular body terminating at its base by a crown, restingon the upper face of the cylindrical swelling of the central core, andbeing provided with notches which form nozzles adapted to ensure theescape about the apparatus of the compressed fluid conveyed by, theconduit and the 11 per orifices of the central core 1nto a chamberformed between the latter and the tubular body which covers it;

(0) Of a second tubular body connected, at its lower part, to the inletconduit for the liquid to be pulverized, and enclosing the lower part ofthe central core on which it is mounted so as to be capable of beingmoved longitudinally and adjusted in position, this second tubular bodybeing provided, on its upper edge, with an inner circular groove inwhich the swelling of the central core fits with a slight play so as toform a passage of adjustable cross section permitting the lssue of theliquid which, drawn by the fluid under pressure in a chamber formedbetween the central core and the second tubular body, is emusified withthe said compressed fluid which, at the same time, enters in combinationwith the liquid for forming an impalpable and dry mist.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, a form ofconstruction of the improved pulverizing apparatus will be describedhereafter with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1- is a front elevation.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section.

Fig. 3 shows the central core in front elevation.

Figs. 4 and 5 respectivel illustrate in vertical section the upper anlower tubular bodies.

Fig. 6 is a perspective View of the index..

As. illustrated in the accompanying drawing, the apparatus in accordancewith the invention comprises a core which, turned off as shown in Fig.3, is provided, midway of its height, with a cylindrical swelling orenlargement 1 the opposite faces of which are respectivel connected byconical surfaces to two cylin rical parts 2 and 3 perforated withorifices respectively opening into longitudinal channels 6 and 7 drilledin the axis of the central core and which do not communicate together,as clearly shown in Fig. 3.

This core terminates, at its ends by two threaded parts 8 and 9 whichare respectively adapted to receive by screwing the upper tubular body10 and the lower tubular body 11 which are respectively connected to theinlet pipe for a fluid under pressure, compressed air for instance, andto a vessel containing the liquid to be ulverized.

The upper body 10, whlch is shaped in such a manner as to enclose theupper part of the central core, fits with a slight friction on acylindrical part 12 of the latter and terminates, at its base, in acrown resting on the upper face of the enlargement 1 of the said centralcore and provided, on

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its periphery, with notches 13 adapted to form distinct nozzlespermitting the regular escape all round and outside the ap aratus, ofthe fluid under ressure (air or t e like) conveyed by the c annel 6 andopenings 4 into the circular chamber 14 formed at the base of the body10.

The upper body 10 1S alsoprovided at its base with a flange 15 in whichis formed a circular groove 16 ada ted, as will be explained, to createed ies in the product transformed into a mist.

The lower body 11 fits and is also guided with a slight friction on acylindrical part 17 of the central core which it encloses, at

its lower part, beyond which it is connected,

by a suitable conduit, to a vessel containing the liquid to betransformed into a mist.

This tubular body 11 terminates at its upper part by a crown 18 in whichis formed a circular groove 19 ada ted to form a housing for thecylindrica enlargement 1 of the central core.

This enlargement 1 fits in the groove 19 with a certain play which asclearly shown in Fig. 2 forms a passage permitting the escape to theexterior of the a paratus of the liquid to be ulverized, sue ed, by theflow of the flui under pressure through the notches 13, into the chamber20 formed in the body 11 and conveyed in the said chamber through thechannel 7 and the openings 5 of the said central core.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the fluid under pressureis subjected, during its passage through the notches 13, to a rollinwhich determines successive impulses of the said fiuid and the creationat the outlet of the notches of a vibratory and whirling field whichreduces the drawing along of the liquid film issuing from the groove 19and that the said liquid film is drawn along, then violently projectedoutside the apparatus, the said film whirling in the groove 16 and beingbroken into a mist the particles of which, owing to the energeticfriction to which they are subjected, are charged with electricity ofthe same si 11 and rep'el each other forming an absolute y impalpableand dry mist.

In order to allow of varying the proportions of the liquid drawn alongby the escape of the compressed fluid, the lower tubular body 11 ismounted on the central core so that it can be longitudinally displacedon the latter for adjustin at will the section of the passage formedetween the enlargement 1 and the roove 19.

In the examp e shown, the tubular body 11 is provided with an inclinedslide 21. A screw 22 is secured to the central core and extends throughthe slide 21, said screw being provided with a nut at 23 and an index24, said index being loosely mounted upon the screw whereby the value ofthe angular displacement of the tubular body 11 on the threaded part 9may be determined and the latter (placed at any desired position asindicate by a suitable graduation 25 of said tubular body. In order toprevent the rotation of the index upon the screw when the nut 23 isadjusted said index is provided with a boss 24", the flat sides of whichengage the inclined walls of the slide 21.

The above described arrangements are, of course, given by way of exampleonly, the forms, materials and dimensions of the constituent parts canbe modified without departing thereby from the principle of theinvention.

Claims.

1. An apparatus for transforming liquids into a mist, comprising acentral core, a cylindrical enlargement on the said core, means forbringing a fluid under pressure above the enlargement,means for bringingthe liquid to be pulverized below the enlargement,an upper tubular bodymounted on the central core,a chamber at the lower part of this tubularbody,a crown at the base of the said tubular body and resting on theupper face of the enlargement,notches in the said crown for permittingthe issue of the compressed fluid all round the upper tubular body,alower tubular body mounted on the lower part of the central core,achamber at the upper part of this tubular body,-a circular groove formedin the upper edge of the said tubular bod for receiving with a certainplay the cylin rical enlargement of the central core; and forming aassage for the flow of the liquid to m be p11 verized,means foradjusting the cross section of this passage.

2. An apparatus for transforming liquids into a mist comprising: acentral core,- a cylindrical enlargement on the said core,- alongitudinal channel for the admission of the fluid under pressure,drilled in the axis of the core above the enlargement, openings in thesaid core in communication with the lower portion of the channel,asecond longitudinal channel for the admission of the li uid-to beulverized, drilled in the axis 0 the core be ow the enlargement,openings in this core in communication with the upper portion of thesecond channel,' a tubular body mounted on the central core, connectedto the compressed fluid inlet and enclosing the portion. of the coresituated above the enlargement,a chamber at the lower portion of thetubular body, surrounding the openings of the central core which aresituated above the enlargement,-a

crown at the base of the said tubular body liquid to be pulverized andenclosing the portion of the core situated below the enlargement,achamber at the upper part of this second body, surrounding the openingsprovided in the core and below its enlargement,a circular groove formedin the upper edge of the said tubular body for receiving with a certainplay the cylindrical enlargement of the central core and forming apassage for the flow of the liquid to be pulverized,means for adjustingthe cross section of this passage.

3. An apparatus for transforming liquids into a mist, comprising: acentral core, acylindrical enlargement on the said core, a longitudinalchannel for the admission of the fluid under pressure, drilled in theaxis of the core above the enlargement, openings in the said core incommunication with the lower portion of the chaunel,a secondlongitudinal channel for the admission of the liquid to be pulverized,drilled in the axis of the core below the enlargement, openings in thiscore in communication with the upper portion of the second channel,atubular body mounted on the central core, connected to the compressedfluid inlet and enclosing the portion of the core situated above theenlargement,a chamber at the lower portion of the tubular body,surrounding the openings of the central core which are suitated above,the enlargement,a crown at the base of the said tubular body andresting on the upper face of the enlargement,notc-hes in the said crownfor permitting the issue of the compressed fluid all round the uppertubular body,a second tubular body connected to the inlet for the liquidto be pulverized and enclosing the portion of the core situated belowthe enlargement,a chamber at the upper part of this second body,surrounding the openings provided in the core and below itsenlargement,-a circular groove formed in the upper edge of the saidtubular body for receiving with a certain play the cylindricalenlargement of the central core and forming a passage for the flow ofthe liquid to be pulverized,-an inclined slide and a graduation on thesecond tubular body, an index mounted on the fixed central core,aclamping nut for immobilizing the second tubular body in any desiredposition on the central core.

The foregoing specification of my appa-

